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Table 8 Yields of CO and HCN from a range of test methods (Marsh & Gann 2013)

From: The fire toxicity of polyurethane foams

Test type

Test variables

CO Yield/mg g−1

HCN Yield/mg g−1

Radiant Furnace

Initial Oxygen %

  

21

28

<3.0

17

36

1.0

Smoke Density Chamber

Irradiance/kW m−2

Pilot

  

50

Unpiloted

19

3.4

50

Piloted

66

1.0

25

Piloted

43

6

Steady State Tube Furnace

Temperature

  

650 °C (well-ventilated)

26

<3.0

825 °C (under-ventilated)

143

8.8

Controlled Atmosphere Cone Calorimeter

Irradiance/kW m−2

Air Flow/L s−1

Initial Oxygen %

  

50

25

21

27

3.7

18

35

7.7

16

44

12.5

50

12.5

21

24

3.6

16

35

9.6

14

33

3.9

25

25

21

24

-

18

29

-

16

29

-