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Fire Science Reviews

Table 1 Base list of fire effects and observations identified in NFPA (2014)

From: Use of damage in fire investigation: a review of fire patterns analysis, research and future direction

Fire effect

Observation(s)

Visible

Measurable

Temperature estimation

X

 

Mass loss

X

X

Char

X

X

Spalling

X

 

Color changes

X

 

Melting of materials

X

 

Thermal expansion and deformation

X

X

Oxidation

X

 

Deposition

X

 

Clean burn

X

 

Calcination

X

X

Window glass

X

 

Furniture springs

X

 

Victim injuries

X

 

Light bulbs

X

 

Rainbow effect

X

 

Enhanced soot deposition-smoke alarms

X

 
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